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A: Abstraction and encapsulation are two quite separate concepts in Java. Abstraction is a technique that is used to represent common functionality amongst a set of classes. An analogy is to look at a set of vehicles: Car, Truck and Bus have some common features that all road vehicles share. From a Java perspective, the mechanics of turning four wheels, an engine, could be handled in abstract form through a common superclass. Abstraction allows subclasses to share common code without duplication.
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What's the difference between abstraction and encapsulation?